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Thread: Duke the menace

  1. #571
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    Re: Duke the menace

    The privilege of a lifetime is being who you are.

    Joseph Campbell
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    Re: Duke the menace

    You have to do your own growing no matter how tall your grandfather was.

    Abraham Lincoln
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    Re: Duke the menace

    There is no flag large enough to cover the shame of killing innocent people.

    Howard Zinn
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    Re: Duke the menace

    And now these three remain: faith, hope and love. But the greatest of these is love.

    Corinthians 13
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    Re: Duke the menace

    Learn from yesterday, live for today, hope for tomorrow. The important thing is not to stop questioning.

    Albert Einstein
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    Re: Duke the menace

    Ecclesiastes 3:1-15

    For everything there is a season, and a time for every matter under heaven: a time to be born, and a time to die; a time to plant, and a time to pluck up what is planted; a time to kill, and a time to heal; a time to break down, and a time to build up; a time to weep, and a time to laugh; a time to mourn, and a time to dance; a time to cast away stones, and a time to gather stones together; a time to embrace, and a time to refrain from embracing; ...
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    Re: Duke the menace

    Friends are like diamonds and diamonds are forever



  8. #578
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    Re: Duke the menace

    Patriotism consists not in waving the flag, but in striving that our country shall be righteous as well as strong.

    James Bryce
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    Re: Duke the menace

    Diego de Landa

    Diego de Landa Calderón (12 November 1524 – 1579) was a Spanish Bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Yucatán. He left future generations with a mixed legacy in his writings, which contain much valuable information on pre-Columbian Maya civilization, and his actions which destroyed much of that civilization's history, literature, and traditions.

    After hearing of Roman Catholic Maya who continued to practice idol worship, he ordered an Inquisition in Mani ending with a ceremony called auto-da-fé. During the ceremony on July 12, 1562, at least forty Maya codices and approximately 20,000 Maya cult images were burned. These actions earned Landa a controversial place in the history of the Christianization of the Americas.

    Landa's Inquisition showered a level of physical abuse upon the indigenous Maya that was viewed as excessive even by other members of the church such as his predecessor as Bishop, Francisco de Toral. Scores of Maya nobles were jailed pending interrogation, and large numbers of Maya nobles and commoners were subjected to examination under cruel and excessive forms of torture. The violent methods of Landa's inquisition made many Maya flee into the forests to avoid further abuse.

    Some contemporary observers were troubled by this widespread use of torture. Crown fiat had earlier exempted indigenous peoples from the authority of the Inquisition, on the grounds that their understanding of Christianity was "too childish" to be held culpable for heresies. Additionally, Landa dispensed with much of the extensive formal procedure and documentation that accompanied Spanish torture and interrogation. When Landa received direct orders from the Viceroy through the Governor of Yucatán Francisco Velázquez de Gijón he retaliated by accusing the governor of abusing the Indians himself, of being an immoral man and a bad Christian and having had an extramarital affair with another man's woman. This sparked a conflict between the ecclesiastical and secular authorities of Yucatán which resulted in the Governor being ex-communicated by Landa, and being replaced in 1577.

    Scholars have argued that most instances of the Mexican inquisition showed little concern to eradicate magic or convict individuals for heterodox beliefs, and that witchcraft was treated more as a religious problem capable of being resolved through confession and absolution. Diego de Landa, however was “monomaniacal in his fervor” against it. Landa believed a huge underground network of apostasies, led by displaced indigenous priests, were jealous of the power the Church enjoyed and sought to reclaim it for themselves. These apostates, Landa surmised, had launched a counteroffensive against the Church and he believed it was his duty to expose the evil before it could revert the population to their old heathen ways.

    Landa claims he had discovered evidence of human sacrifice and other idolatrous practices while rooting out native idolatry. Although one of the alleged victims of said sacrifices, Mani Encomendero Dasbatés, was later found to be alive and Landa’s enemies contested his right to run an inquisition, Landa insisted the Papal Bull Exponi nobis justified his actions.

    Lopez de Cogolludo, Landa’s chief Franciscan biographer, wrote of Landa’s first hand experiences with human sacrifices. When Landa first came to the Yucatán, he made it his mission to walk the breadth of the peninsula and preach to the most remote villages. While passing through Cupules, he came upon a group numbering 300 that was about to sacrifice a young boy. Enraged, Landa stormed through the crowd, released the boy, smashed the idols and began preaching with such zeal and sincerity that they begged him to remain in the land and teach them more.

    Landa was remarkable in that he was willing to go where no others would. He entered lands only recently conquered where native resentment of Spaniards was still very intense. Armed with nothing but the conviction to learn as much of native culture as he could, so that it would be easier for him to destroy it in the future, Landa formulated an intimate contact with natives. Natives placed him in such an esteemed position they were willing to show him some of their sacred writings that had been transcribed on deerskin books. To Landa and the other Franciscan friars, the very existence of these Mayan codices was proof of diabolical practices. In references to these books, Landa has said:

    We found a large number of books in these characters and, as they contained nothing in which were not to be seen as superstition and lies of the devil, we burned them all, which they (the Maya) regretted to an amazing degree, and which caused them much affliction.

    Landa himself was never in doubt of the necessity of his inquisition. Whether magic and idolatry were being practiced or not, there can be little doubt Landa was “possessed” by fantasies of demonic power in a new land. Landa, like most Franciscans of the time, subscribed to millenarian ideas, which demanded the mass conversion of as many souls as possible before the turn of the century. Eliminating evil and pagan practices, Landa believed, would usher the Second Coming of Christ that much sooner.
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    Re: Duke the menace

    It is only important to know where we are when we have where to go.

    Portugal supports a crisis, serious and lasting social phenomena emerge here most serious, dangerous financial imbalances, disproportionate debts public and internal. Without excluding other views, has been missing governments an accurate idea about the true causes of the difficulties on the exhaustion of likely political and social models. If the growth of Portugal was more vigorous, with harsh social realities we face today would be lower, the share of government spending in the economy would be lower, more lighter taxes reduced the debt and interest.

    The Portuguese Government services are mostly incompetent and ineffective, do not meet the needs of the Portuguese. The state is the worst payer of the Portuguese economy in the world! Portuguese society is increasingly "sick" by the action of many "irresponsible", reaching a state of extreme disorganization unthinkable, shocking disrespect, huge indiscipline of increasing inefficiency and inequity smallest ever known in the Portuguese economy!

    To be possible to establish state policies of fairness needs to have economic prosperity for it requires different methods of it has taken until now because the state has no money can not in any way, either good or bad, create a good policy of fairness and implement social values. It is necessary to take action long ago, things got worse with the global crisis that broke out in the U.S. in 2008 but the Portuguese economic situation was not, even then, very favorable to growth.

    The economic growth leads us to the development. To have this economic growth that Portugal needs a strong government is necessary, innovative, to take different policies by investing in other european countries, promotion of tourism and many other measures that could be taken that for sure would change a little this path we have been taking and has "rots" growing the economy, and that makes Portugal a rotten apple in the eyes of European and even international who fail to invest in Portugal
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