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Thread: Europa

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    Europa

    In Greek mythology Europa (/jʊˈroʊpə, jə-/; Greek: Εὐρώπη Eurṓpē; Doric Greek: Εὐρώπα Eurṓpā) was a Phoenician woman of high lineage, for whom the continent Europe was named. The story of her abduction by Zeus in the form of a white bull was a Cretan story; as Kerényi points out "most of the love-stories concerning Zeus originated from more ancient tales describing his marriages with goddesses. This can especially be said of the story of Europa".

    Europa's earliest literary reference is in the Iliad, which is commonly dated to the 8th century B.C. Another early reference to her is in a fragment of the Hesiodic Catalogue of Women, discovered at Oxyrhynchus. The earliest vase-painting securely identifiable as Europa, dates from mid-7th century B.C.

    The etymology of her Greek name (εὐρυ- "wide" or "broad" and ὤψ "eye(s)" or "face") suggests that Europa as a goddess represented the cow (with a wide face) Hathor, at least on some symbolic level. Metaphorically, at a later date her name could be construed as the intelligent or open-minded, analogous to glaukopis (γλαυκῶπις) attributed to Athena. However, Ernest Klein and Giovanni Semerano suggest a possible Semitic origin in Akkadian erebu "to go down, set" (in reference to the sun) which would parallel occident.

    The name of Europe as a geographical term came in use by Ancient Greek geographers such as Strabo to refer to part of Thrace below the Balkan mountains. Later, under the Roman Empire the name was given to a Thracian province.

    It is derived from the Greek word Eurōpē (Εὐρώπη) in all Romane languages, Germanic languages, Slavic languages, Baltic languages, Celtic languages, Iranian languages, Uralic languages (Hungarian Európa, Finnish Eurooppa, Estonian Euroopa).

    Jürgen Fischer, in Oriens-Occidens-Europa summarized how the name came into use, supplanting the oriens-occidens dichotomy of the later Roman Empire, which was expressive of a divided empire, Latin in the West, Greek in the East.

    In the 8th century, ecclesiastical uses of "Europa" for the imperium of Charlemagne provide the source for the modern geographical term. The first use of the term Europenses, to describe peoples of the Christian, western portion of the continent, appeared in the Hispanic Latin Chronicle of 754, sometimes attributed to an author called Isidore Pacensis in reference to the Battle of Tours fought against Muslim forces.

    The European Union has also used Europa as a symbol of pan-Europeanism, notably by naming its web portal after her, and depicting her on the Greek €2 coin and on several gold and silver commemorative coins (e.g. the Belgian €10 European Expansion coin). Her name appeared on postage stamps celebrating the Council of Europe, which were first issued in 1956. The second series of euro banknotes is known as the Europa Series and bears her likeness in the watermark and hologram.

    The invention of the telescope revealed that the planet Jupiter, clearly visible to the naked eye and known to humanity since prehistoric times, has an attendant family of moons. These were named for male and female lovers of the god and other mythological persons associated with him. The smallest of Jupiter's Galilean moons was named after Europa.
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    Re: Europa

    What was feared it happened. Negotiations between the executive of Greece and European lenders ended without agreement, and Alexis Tsipras was forced to announce the suspension of payment of the IMF yesterday.

    Exceeded the amortization period, the Greek State officially entered in default. Now the IMF pressure will start to increase, with the institution led by Christine Lagarde to use a range of 'tools' to force Greece to pay.

    According to figures , the process will go through several phases, each progressively more severe. Christine Lagarde has already secured the first three steps will be 'accelerated', which means that the first action by the IMF should only take a few days instead of a month.
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    Re: Europa

    Stand With Greece

    After years of grinding austerity that has decimated jobs, cut pensions to the eldest, and destroyed hospitals and schools, while completely failing to address the debt problem, the people of Greece finally have a chance to say no.

    But alarmist ideologues, creditor banks, and leaders that are benefiting from the bailouts are spreading misinformation, and forcing another round of insanity onto Greece. These economic vultures are using shrill stereotypes, and spreading fear that chaos will ensue to get public opinion behind their madness. Our community has a unique chance to counter them.

    The Avaaz community has over 41 million people across the world, more than the readership of most newspapers, and media. So here's Avaaz's new ‘what’s really going on in Greece’ infographic -- if we all pledge to stop the scaremongering and use the tools below to share the image widely, we'll become the media, and reach millions of people with the truth about Greece.

    https://secure.avaaz.org/en/stand_wi...PrgGcb&v=61376
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    Re: Europa

    Greece says NO
    First official estimation: 61% NO and 39% YES

    Last edited by Duke of Buckingham; 07-05-15 at 02:31 PM.
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    Re: Europa

    In an editorial entitled "Odyssey", the Libération writes that "Greece will launch a lonely odyssey worthy of the tests faced by Ulysses" and that "Europeans can recognize officially that too brutal austerity imposed on an entire continent, we had disastrous political effects, and the 'No' Greek is just one example. "

    The cover of Le Figaro is also dedicated almost entirely to Greece, with a photograph of Alexis Tsipras, left, to lift the triumphant arm and accompanied by bold letters 'No' filled with the standard of the Greek flag and a small part of flag European Union.

    Les Echos also choose to headline "The 'No' that shakes Europe", listing "the mass support of the Greek Alexis Tsipras," the "crucial ECB meeting and the Hollande-Merkel summit" and "the approach of Grexit , "warning that" it is a political victory for Alexis Tsipras and a dive into the unknown for Greece, threatened to quickly leave the euro zone and threatened with bankruptcy. "

    The Aujourd'hui en France headline on the cover, "The Greek kick" against a background an image of hundreds of Greeks to agitate the Greek flag and in the caption: "They said 'No' by 61.5% Yesterday, Greeks rejected en masse a new austerity plan. thunder in the European sky. "

    On the first page of l'Humanité, the title "Now, respecting the notice of the Greek people!" accompanies a picture of a demonstration where we see, in the foreground, two fists at the first plan and where it says "No" and "Oxi" (No).
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    Re: Europa

    I will proudly bear the repugnance that creditors have me.

    Yanis Varoufakis
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    Re: Europa

    A document that advocates a scenario of a temporary Greek exit from the euro zone, allegedly authored by the German delegation, are marking the meeting Saturday of the Eurogroup in Brussels to have no prospect of agreement.

    The edition "online" the German newspaper Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung reported that was circulated a ministry document of German Finance proposing two ways to overcome the current situation, one being an orderly and temporary Greek exit from the euro zone, for five years, accompanied by humanitarian aid and the other the sale of state assets worth around EUR 50 billion.

    Very Sad
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    Re: Europa

    "I take my responsibility for any error that has been committed, take responsibility for a text I do not believe, but I signed to avoid a disaster in the country"

    Alexis Tsipras
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    Re: Europa

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    Re: Europa

    Parliamentarians thus interrupt the holidays, to decide whether give the government of Angela Merkel, the green light to negotiate the third rescue plan for Greece.

    Although the finance minister have insisted, on Thursday, the idea that he preferred Greece out of the euro temporarily, it appears that the agreement will be approved, as happened yesterday in Finland.

    A commission in the Helsinki Parliament approved the opening of negotiations for a new aid plan for Greece, but among the Finns grow doubts about the single currency.

    A citizens' movement even launched a petition to request a referendum on the euro.

    Finland joined the euro 15 years ago, but a group of citizens wants now ratify the European single currency.
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